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Evidence Guide: DEFSUR006 - Navigate using celestial aids

Student: __________________________________________________

Signature: _________________________________________________

Tips for gathering evidence to demonstrate your skills

The important thing to remember when gathering evidence is that the more evidence the better - that is, the more evidence you gather to demonstrate your skills, the more confident an assessor can be that you have learned the skills not just at one point in time, but are continuing to apply and develop those skills (as opposed to just learning for the test!). Furthermore, one piece of evidence that you collect will not usualy demonstrate all the required criteria for a unit of competency, whereas multiple overlapping pieces of evidence will usually do the trick!

From the Wiki University

 

DEFSUR006 - Navigate using celestial aids

What evidence can you provide to prove your understanding of each of the following citeria?

Establish cardinal points by day using the sun

  1. Construct a sun compass in an open and level area to record complete movement of the sun over a solar day.
  2. Mark true north, associated cardinal points and the arc of the sun on the sun compass.
  3. Mark true north and associated cardinal points using a quick shadow stick method (maximum of twenty minutes of solar transit) and making allowance for the deviation arising from early morning or late afternoon siting.
Construct a sun compass in an open and level area to record complete movement of the sun over a solar day.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mark true north, associated cardinal points and the arc of the sun on the sun compass.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mark true north and associated cardinal points using a quick shadow stick method (maximum of twenty minutes of solar transit) and making allowance for the deviation arising from early morning or late afternoon siting.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Establish cardinal points by night using celestial aids

  1. Extrapolate the location of cardinal points by identifying and using celestial bodies.
  2. Extrapolate the location of the celestial pole by identifying and using celestial bodies.
  3. Extrapolate true south (or north) by using the celestial pole on the earth/sky horizon and by establishing a compass showing all cardinal points on the ground.
Extrapolate the location of cardinal points by identifying and using celestial bodies.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Extrapolate the location of the celestial pole by identifying and using celestial bodies.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Extrapolate true south (or north) by using the celestial pole on the earth/sky horizon and by establishing a compass showing all cardinal points on the ground.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Employ improvised direction measuring techniques

  1. Select appropriate direction of travel to optimise survival or rescue, after analysing the survival situation.
  2. Construct an improvised protractor using a multifolded sheet of paper and mark the desired angle of direction.
  3. Use established cardinal points and directional markings on an improvised protractor to navigate towards a recognisable feature in the distance.
Select appropriate direction of travel to optimise survival or rescue, after analysing the survival situation.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Construct an improvised protractor using a multifolded sheet of paper and mark the desired angle of direction.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Use established cardinal points and directional markings on an improvised protractor to navigate towards a recognisable feature in the distance.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Employ improvised time measuring techniques

  1. Estimate elapsed time by measuring the angle of a segment of the sun’s transit and applying an angle by rate calculation.
  2. Estimate elapsed time by measuring the rotation of a celestial body around the celestial pole, and applying an angle by rate calculation.
Estimate elapsed time by measuring the angle of a segment of the sun’s transit and applying an angle by rate calculation.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Estimate elapsed time by measuring the rotation of a celestial body around the celestial pole, and applying an angle by rate calculation.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Employ improvised distance measuring techniques

  1. Estimate distance by counting number of paces taken and applying a pace by length of pace calculation.
  2. Estimate distance by travelling at constant estimated velocity walking pace of four km/h and applying a velocity by time calculation.
Estimate distance by counting number of paces taken and applying a pace by length of pace calculation.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Estimate distance by travelling at constant estimated velocity walking pace of four km/h and applying a velocity by time calculation.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Determine overall position relative to start point and navigate back

  1. Draw grid system using a standard scale on a sheet of paper, and mark cardinal points and start point.
  2. Draw physical navigation movements as scaled vectors from the start point.
  3. Aggregate individual navigation vectors to determine final position relative to the start point.
  4. Determine return vector, including bearing and distance, to return to the start point.
Draw grid system using a standard scale on a sheet of paper, and mark cardinal points and start point.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Draw physical navigation movements as scaled vectors from the start point.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Aggregate individual navigation vectors to determine final position relative to the start point.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Determine return vector, including bearing and distance, to return to the start point.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Establish cardinal points by day using the sun

  1. Construct a sun compass in an open and level area to record complete movement of the sun over a solar day.
  2. Mark true north, associated cardinal points and the arc of the sun on the sun compass.
  3. Mark true north and associated cardinal points using a quick shadow stick method (maximum of twenty minutes of solar transit) and making allowance for the deviation arising from early morning or late afternoon siting.
Construct a sun compass in an open and level area to record complete movement of the sun over a solar day.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mark true north, associated cardinal points and the arc of the sun on the sun compass.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mark true north and associated cardinal points using a quick shadow stick method (maximum of twenty minutes of solar transit) and making allowance for the deviation arising from early morning or late afternoon siting.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Establish cardinal points by night using celestial aids

  1. Extrapolate the location of cardinal points by identifying and using celestial bodies.
  2. Extrapolate the location of the celestial pole by identifying and using celestial bodies.
  3. Extrapolate true south (or north) by using the celestial pole on the earth/sky horizon and by establishing a compass showing all cardinal points on the ground.
Extrapolate the location of cardinal points by identifying and using celestial bodies.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Extrapolate the location of the celestial pole by identifying and using celestial bodies.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Extrapolate true south (or north) by using the celestial pole on the earth/sky horizon and by establishing a compass showing all cardinal points on the ground.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Employ improvised direction measuring techniques

  1. Select appropriate direction of travel to optimise survival or rescue, after analysing the survival situation.
  2. Construct an improvised protractor using a multifolded sheet of paper and mark the desired angle of direction.
  3. Use established cardinal points and directional markings on an improvised protractor to navigate towards a recognisable feature in the distance.
Select appropriate direction of travel to optimise survival or rescue, after analysing the survival situation.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Construct an improvised protractor using a multifolded sheet of paper and mark the desired angle of direction.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Use established cardinal points and directional markings on an improvised protractor to navigate towards a recognisable feature in the distance.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Employ improvised time measuring techniques

  1. Estimate elapsed time by measuring the angle of a segment of the sun’s transit and applying an angle by rate calculation.
  2. Estimate elapsed time by measuring the rotation of a celestial body around the celestial pole, and applying an angle by rate calculation.
Estimate elapsed time by measuring the angle of a segment of the sun’s transit and applying an angle by rate calculation.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Estimate elapsed time by measuring the rotation of a celestial body around the celestial pole, and applying an angle by rate calculation.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Employ improvised distance measuring techniques

  1. Estimate distance by counting number of paces taken and applying a pace by length of pace calculation.
  2. Estimate distance by travelling at constant estimated velocity walking pace of four km/h and applying a velocity by time calculation.
Estimate distance by counting number of paces taken and applying a pace by length of pace calculation.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Estimate distance by travelling at constant estimated velocity walking pace of four km/h and applying a velocity by time calculation.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Determine overall position relative to start point and navigate back

  1. Draw grid system using a standard scale on a sheet of paper, and mark cardinal points and start point.
  2. Draw physical navigation movements as scaled vectors from the start point.
  3. Aggregate individual navigation vectors to determine final position relative to the start point.
  4. Determine return vector, including bearing and distance, to return to the start point.
Draw grid system using a standard scale on a sheet of paper, and mark cardinal points and start point.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Draw physical navigation movements as scaled vectors from the start point.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Aggregate individual navigation vectors to determine final position relative to the start point.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Determine return vector, including bearing and distance, to return to the start point.

Completed
Date:

Teacher:		 Evidence:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Assessed

Teacher: ___________________________________ Date: _________

Signature: ________________________________________________

Comments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Instructions to Assessors

Evidence Guide

ELEMENTS

PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

Elements describe the essential outcomes

Performance criteria describe the performance needed to demonstrate achievement of the element. Where bold italicised text is used, further information is detailed in the range of conditions section.

1. Establish cardinal points by day using the sun

1.1 Construct a sun compass in an open and level area to record complete movement of the sun over a solar day.

1.2 Mark true north, associated cardinal points and the arc of the sun on the sun compass.

1.3 Mark true north and associated cardinal points using a quick shadow stick method (maximum of twenty minutes of solar transit) and making allowance for the deviation arising from early morning or late afternoon siting.

2. Establish cardinal points by night using celestial aids

2.1 Extrapolate the location of cardinal points by identifying and using celestial bodies.

2.2 Extrapolate the location of the celestial pole by identifying and using celestial bodies.

2.3 Extrapolate true south (or north) by using the celestial pole on the earth/sky horizon and by establishing a compass showing all cardinal points on the ground.

3. Employ improvised direction measuring techniques

3.1 Select appropriate direction of travel to optimise survival or rescue, after analysing the survival situation.

3.2 Construct an improvised protractor using a multifolded sheet of paper and mark the desired angle of direction.

3.3 Use established cardinal points and directional markings on an improvised protractor to navigate towards a recognisable feature in the distance.

4. Employ improvised time measuring techniques

4.1 Estimate elapsed time by measuring the angle of a segment of the sun’s transit and applying an angle by rate calculation.

4.2 Estimate elapsed time by measuring the rotation of a celestial body around the celestial pole, and applying an angle by rate calculation.

5. Employ improvised distance measuring techniques

5.1 Estimate distance by counting number of paces taken and applying a pace by length of pace calculation.

5.2 Estimate distance by travelling at constant estimated velocity walking pace of four km/h and applying a velocity by time calculation.

6. Determine overall position relative to start point and navigate back

6.1 Draw grid system using a standard scale on a sheet of paper, and mark cardinal points and start point.

6.2 Draw physical navigation movements as scaled vectors from the start point.

6.3 Aggregate individual navigation vectors to determine final position relative to the start point.

6.4 Determine return vector, including bearing and distance, to return to the start point.

Required Skills and Knowledge

ELEMENTS

PERFORMANCE CRITERIA

Elements describe the essential outcomes

Performance criteria describe the performance needed to demonstrate achievement of the element. Where bold italicised text is used, further information is detailed in the range of conditions section.

1. Establish cardinal points by day using the sun

1.1 Construct a sun compass in an open and level area to record complete movement of the sun over a solar day.

1.2 Mark true north, associated cardinal points and the arc of the sun on the sun compass.

1.3 Mark true north and associated cardinal points using a quick shadow stick method (maximum of twenty minutes of solar transit) and making allowance for the deviation arising from early morning or late afternoon siting.

2. Establish cardinal points by night using celestial aids

2.1 Extrapolate the location of cardinal points by identifying and using celestial bodies.

2.2 Extrapolate the location of the celestial pole by identifying and using celestial bodies.

2.3 Extrapolate true south (or north) by using the celestial pole on the earth/sky horizon and by establishing a compass showing all cardinal points on the ground.

3. Employ improvised direction measuring techniques

3.1 Select appropriate direction of travel to optimise survival or rescue, after analysing the survival situation.

3.2 Construct an improvised protractor using a multifolded sheet of paper and mark the desired angle of direction.

3.3 Use established cardinal points and directional markings on an improvised protractor to navigate towards a recognisable feature in the distance.

4. Employ improvised time measuring techniques

4.1 Estimate elapsed time by measuring the angle of a segment of the sun’s transit and applying an angle by rate calculation.

4.2 Estimate elapsed time by measuring the rotation of a celestial body around the celestial pole, and applying an angle by rate calculation.

5. Employ improvised distance measuring techniques

5.1 Estimate distance by counting number of paces taken and applying a pace by length of pace calculation.

5.2 Estimate distance by travelling at constant estimated velocity walking pace of four km/h and applying a velocity by time calculation.

6. Determine overall position relative to start point and navigate back

6.1 Draw grid system using a standard scale on a sheet of paper, and mark cardinal points and start point.

6.2 Draw physical navigation movements as scaled vectors from the start point.

6.3 Aggregate individual navigation vectors to determine final position relative to the start point.

6.4 Determine return vector, including bearing and distance, to return to the start point.

Evidence required to demonstrate competence must satisfy all of the requirements of the elements and performance criteria. If not otherwise specified the candidate must demonstrate evidence of performance of the following on at least one occasion.

identifying celestial bodies

navigating

five kilometres within a solar day, which may be broken into legs of not less than one kilometre, but must include at least four legs, as part of a navigation circuit; on completion, navigators are to submit a vector diagram detailing their final position relative to their start point accurate to within 10% (of distance and direction)

five kilometres within eight hours at night, which may be broken into legs of not less than one kilometre, but must include at least four legs, as part of a navigation circuit; on completion, navigators are to submit a vector diagram detailing their final position relative to their start point accurate to within 10% (of distance and direction)

locating cardinal points and true north

by day: make adjustments for the shadow arc, dependent upon the time, when using only a partial segment of a solar day (maximum twenty minute fix) to locate the cardinal points; and to indicate true north to within 10% with a sun compass, using a twenty minute fix

by night: implement contingency skills when there is partial cloud in the night sky; and to employ five different celestial body indication techniques to locate the cardinal points, either directly or through extrapolation via the celestial pole

Evidence required to demonstrate competence must satisfy all of the requirements of the elements and performance criteria. If not otherwise specified the depth of knowledge demonstrated must be appropriate to the job context of the candidate.

angles (in degrees)

basic physics (velocity/distance/time)

cardinal points (magnetic and true)

earth’s orbit and rotation in relation to the sun and night sky, including the celestial pole phenomenon

mathematical calculations including:

distance travelled:

velocity x time

pace length x number of paces

elapsed time:

rate of (apparent) movement of sun (15 degrees/hour x solar angle subtended)

rate of (apparent) movement of night sky around the celestial pole (15 degrees/hour x angle subtended by nominated celestial body)